SNasal obstruction ×3wk.TPurulent yellow-green rhinorrhea, worse on L't side.TL't facial pressure/pain, especially infraorbital/cheek area.TPain exacerbated by head flexion.THistory of fever (max 38°C) in early course; resolved.TPost-nasal drip with morning cough/sputum.TImpaired sense of smell (anosmia/hyposmia).TL't ear fullness, worse in elevators.Th/o allergic rhinitis, sneezing/rhinorrhea during seasonal changes, treated w/ Allegra.(藥名非逐字稿所述;逐字稿提到:安滅菌)I
PAntibiotics (Anmectin) BID ×10d; complete full course.INasal spray (Nasonex) BID.IExpectorant.ISaline nasal irrigation BID (use lukewarm water).IF/U in 2wk.IIf symptoms persist after 2wk or frequent recurrences, consider CT scan for evaluation of endoscopic sinus surgery.IRed flags: periorbital swelling/redness, blurred vision, severe headache, or high fever — seek ER immediately.I
SVertigo ×3d, triggered by rolling over in bed or changing position (lying down/sitting up).TCharacter: room spinning sensation, lasts ~10-20s per episode.TNausea(+), vomiting ×1 (on day 1).TAural fullness(-), tinnitus(-), hearing loss(-).THeadache(-), dysarthria(-), limb weakness(-), ataxia(-).TRecent URI (resolved).Th/o similar episode last year (resolved spontaneously in 2-3d).TBP normal, no chronic medications.T
ODix-Hallpike test (R't): positive for rotatory vertigo with upward torsional nystagmus, latency ~3s, duration ~20s, with fatigue phenomenon.TDix-Hallpike test (L't): negative.TOtoscopy: bilaterally normal.THearing: Rinne test AC > BC bilaterally.TNeurological: no cerebellar signs.T
PEpley maneuver (R't) performed.TAvoid sudden head movements post-procedure.IAntiemetic + vestibular suppressant (as needed for severe symptoms).IF/U 1wk.IReturn to ER immediately if severe headache, dysarthria, limb weakness, or ataxia develops.I
SHeartburn behind sternum ×1mo.TExacerbated by postprandial supine position, high sugar intake, and coffee.TRegurgitation of acid to throat.TMorning throat discomfort with frequent throat clearing.TLate dinners (approx. 21:00-22:00).TDysphagia(-), weight loss(-), melena(-), hematemesis(-).TWeight gain (+3kg) recently.TDyspnea on exertion (climbing stairs) (+).TChest pain radiating to L't arm or jaw(-).TSmoking(-), alcohol (occasional beer).T
SSore throat ×2d.TRhinorrhea + nasal congestion since yesterday.TFever (37.8°C this morning).TDry cough(+).TMyalgia(+), fatigue(+).TDenies dyspnea, chest pain.TDenies h/o chronic disease, allergies, or smoking.TRecent exposure to colleague with similar symptoms.T
OTemp: 37.6°C.TOropharynx: mild hyperemia.TTonsils: no swelling, no exudate.TNasal mucosa: swelling with clear discharge.TNeck: no lymphadenopathy.TChest: breath sounds clear bilaterally, no adventitious sounds.T
SDysuria ×1d.TUrgency + frequency with small volume voiding.TBurning/stinging sensation during urination.TTenesmus/incomplete emptying sensation.TUrine: cloudy(+), hematuria(-).Tfever(-), chills(-), flank pain(-).Th/o similar episode last year, resolved w/ meds.TLow fluid intake + habit of urine holding due to work.TLMP: last week.Tvaginal discharge/vulvar pruritus(-).TAllergy: tetracycline (childhood rash).(藥名非逐字稿所述)I
P#1: add Jardiance 10mg daily; increase water intake; monitor for polyuriaI#2: adjust Plendil to 80mg daily (morning); monitor home BPI#3: start Lipitor 10mg nightly; monitor for myalgiaI#4: monitor renal function and microalbuminuriaI#5: Monofilament test today; F/U blood work (HbA1c, renal, lipid) in 3moIF/U prn if polyuria, polydipsia, or BG >300 mg/dLI
SR't 1st toe joint pain + redness + swelling ×1d.TPain severe; even contact with blanket is painful.TTriggered by seafood hotpot + beer consumption 2d ago.Th/o similar episode L't toe ×3y; diagnosed as gout.Th/o HTN (medication unknown); h/o renal disease (denied by pt).Tfever(-).TPHx: gout (episodic)THTN (on unknown medication)T
OVitals: Temp 37.1°C, BP 142/90 mmHg, Ht 172 cm, Wt 82 kg.TR't 1st toe joint: erythema, swelling, warmth, and tenderness(+).TROM: limited due to pain.INo open wounds.TOther joints: normal.T
AAcute gouty arthritis (R't 1st toe)1. Essential HTN2. R/O medication-induced hyperuricemia (due to possible diuretic use)
PBlood tests (Uric acid, renal function, glucose, lipids) today.IColchicine + NSAIDs for 3-5 days; stop once pain resolves.IF/U in 2wk with lab results to discuss urate-lowering therapy.IReview current HTN medication (bring medication bag to next visit).I
SR't hand numbness ×3mo.TNumbness involves thumb, index, and middle fingers; little finger spared.TNumbness worse at night, wakes pt from sleep; relieved by shaking hand.TExacerbated by riding motorcycle (gripping handlebars) and using smartphone.TRecent weakness in R't hand; dropped cup ×2.TNo neck pain or radiation from neck.TOccasional mild L't hand numbness.TOccupation: hairdresser (repetitive cutting/drying hair).TPMH: diabetes(-), thyroid disorder(-), pregnancy(-).T
OR't Tinel sign(+).TPhalen test: numbness induced within 30s.TR't thumb abductor MP 4/5.TR't thenar eminence: mild atrophy(+).TSensation: decreased in median nerve distribution (R't); ulnar distribution normal.TL't Tinel sign(weakly +).TL't Phalen test(-).TC-spine ROM: normal.TSpurling test(-).TDeep tendon reflexes: normal and symmetric.T
PNCS/EMG R't hand — R/O severity.IWrist splint (wear at night and during work).IAvoid repetitive gripping/grasping.IAnti-inflammatory medication ×4wk.IVitamin B complex.IF/U 2wk for NCS/EMG results.IIf no improvement after 3mo or worsening atrophy, consider local injection or surgery.I
SHeadache × several years.TFrequency increased over last 3mo, ~10 episodes/mo.TCharacter: throbbing, R't temporal location, occasionally radiates to L't side.TAura: visual scintillating scotoma/flashing lights for ~20min prior to onset in ~50% of episodes.TAssociated s/s: nausea, vomiting, photophobia.TDuration: ~10+ hours per episode if untreated.TAggravating factors: menstruation (2 days prior to onset).TMedication use: Panadol Extra ~15 days/mo; reports decreasing efficacy.TDenies: limb weakness, dysarthria, or "worst headache of life."T
AMigraine with aura.TMedication overuse headache.TD.D.: Tension-type headache.I
PSumatriptan 50mg PRN for acute attack (max 2 tabs/day).ITopiramate 25mg qhs; increase to 50mg qhs after 2 weeks.IReduce Panadol Extra use to <10 days/mo.IAvoid estrogen-containing oral contraceptives.IHeadache diary for next visit.IF/U 1mo.ISeek ER immediately if headache pattern changes or develops focal neurological deficits (weakness, dysarthria).I
SHeadache ×2mo, onset mid-September.TCharacter: tightness in posterior neck and occipital region.TFrequency: almost daily, typically starting in the afternoon.TNausea/vomiting(-), photophobia(-).TSudden onset/thunderclap headache(-).TAggravated by coughing/straining(-).TWeakness/diplopia(-), fever(-), head trauma(-).TOccupation: accountant, prolonged computer use (8-9h/day).TSleep: poor, recent late nights.Th/o analgesic use: improved temporarily, but symptoms recur.TFamily h/o brain tumor or stroke(-).T
SR't ankle inversion injury after landing during basketball yesterdayTimmediate swelling after injuryTaudible pop(-)Tpain with weight-bearing (can walk 4 steps)Tice applied ×2 yesterdayTelevation performedTnumbness(-)Th/o recurrent ankle sprains (1-2 times)T
OR't ankle: swelling at lateral aspectTtenderness(+) at anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)Tecchymosis(+)Ttenderness(-) at lateral malleolus tip/posterior edgeTtenderness(-) at medial malleolusTtenderness(-) at 5th metatarsalTtenderness(-) at base of 5th metatarsalTanterior drawer test: mild laxity with painTtalar tilt test: negativeTsqueeze test: negativeTdorsalis pedis pulse: intactTsensation: intactTOttawa Ankle Rules: low probability of fractureT
AR't ankle ATFL sprain (Grade II)
PAnkle brace for 2 weeksIIce and elevation for 3 daysICrutches for partial weight-bearingINSAIDs and topical analgesics for 1 weekIF/U in 2 weeksIIf unable to bear weight or swelling worsens after 1 week, X-ray ankle — R/O fractureIRehab: ankle ROM and proprioception training after swelling subsides (approx. 4-6 weeks)I
SR't knee pain ×3moTworsening recentlyTpain at R't medial aspectTpain with descending stairs & squatting/standing upTmorning stiffness (~10min)Tswelling in evening after walkingTs/s worsened after hiking 2wks agoTno history of fall or sprainTh/o hypertension, on meivuo (脈優) dailyTh/o gastric discomfort w/ ibuprofenTweight 72kg (gained 5kg in 2yrs)T
PCelecoxib 200mg qd pc ×2wks.IPT (heat therapy + quadriceps strengthening) 3x/wk.IConsider hyaluronic acid injection if no improvement after 3mo of meds/PT.IF/U 2wks.IF/U prn if severe swelling, redness, warmth, or inability to ambulate.I
Slow back pain ×1moTnew s/s: R't lower limb numbness ×1wkTnumbness radiates from R't gluteal to R't lateral calfTs/s occurred after lifting heavy box (books) during moving last monthTpain with coughing/sneezing with electric shock sensation to low back and legTworsening when sitting >30min, especially during drivingTimproved with ambulationTnumbness/weakness in perianal area(-), bowel/bladder dysfunction(-)TAcetaminophen used, improved pain but numbness persistsTh/o gout, currently off uric acid medicationT
OSLR: R't (+) at 40°, L't (-) at 80°TMP: R't big toe extension 4/5Tknee/ankle reflexes: normalTX-ray L-spine: L5-S1 disc space narrowingT
S3.5y boy, fever ×1d.TTmax 39.2C (yesterday), partial response to antipyretic.Tmouth pain, poor oral intake since this morning.Tred papules on palms, soles, and buttocks noted this morning.Tkindergarten contact: 2 classmates with enterovirus.Tdecreased urine output (2 diapers since morning).Tvomiting(-), diarrhea(-), seizure/myoclonic jerk(-).Tactivity level fair, playing in waiting area.TPHx: BW 14kg (last week).T
OBW 14kg.Talert, active.Tthroat: vesicles and ulcers on posterior pharynx and soft palate.Tpalms/soles: small red papules.Tknees: small red papules.Theart rate 120 bpm.Tlungs: clear.Iabdomen: soft.I
AHand-foot-and-mouth diseaseD.D.: herpangina
PAcetaminophen 14kg/dose 7mL q4-6h prn fever (max 5 doses/day).IAlternating Ibuprofen for high fever.IOral spray for mouth pain.ICold fluids (e.g., cold milk) or soft foods (e.g., pudding) to improve intake.ISchool exclusion for 1 week.ICaregiver hand hygiene with soap; avoid alcohol-based sanitizers.IReturn immediately if: lethargy, poor activity, persistent vomiting, myoclonic jerk, limb weakness, tachypnea, or tachycardia.IReturn immediately if: no urine for 8h.IF/U prn.I
S1y8mo girl, fever ×2d.TTmax 39.1C (yesterday), responds to antipyretic (down to 37.x C), recurs q several hours.Tcough (paroxysmal) ×1d.Tmild rhinorrhea.Tintake: milk intake decreased compared to baseline.Toutput: urine output normal (3 diapers today).Tdiarrhea(-), vomiting(-).Texposure: several classmates at kindergarten with fever this week.Tvaccination: up to date.TPHx: weight 11kg (last visit).T
OBW 11kg (prior).TTemp 37.8C.Talert, active.Ioral mucosa: moist, no ulcers/vesicles.Tears: bilaterally normal TM, no erythema or bulging.Tchest: symmetric breath sounds, no wheezing, no rales.Theart: HR 132, regular rhythm.Tabdomen: soft, no tenderness.Tskin: no rash, capillary refill < 2s.T
PContinue current antipyretic regimen.IEncourage frequent, small amounts of fluid intake.IF/U in 2d or sooner if no improvement.IReturn immediately if: fever > 5d, poor fluid intake, decreased urine output, lethargy, or new rash.I
S2y3mo girl, diarrhea ×1d.TStool: watery, yellow, foul-smelling, no blood or mucus.TVomiting ×2 last night, none today.TFever: Tmax 38.3C last night, responded to antipyretics.TIntake: poor oral intake; milk intake decreased by half.TOutput: decreased urine frequency (2 diapers today) with dark urine.TActivity: lethargic, sleeps more than usual, but tears present when crying.TExposure: several classmates at kindergarten with similar s/s.TVaccination: Rotavirus vaccine (2 doses) completed.TPHx: weight 12kg last month.T
OBW 11.5kg.TTemp 37.9C, HR 138.TGeneral: lethargic but consolable.THydration: lips slightly dry, oral mucosa slightly dry, mild orbital indentation, tears present when crying, skin turgor normal, capillary refill 2s.TAbdomen: soft, hyperactive bowel sounds, no tenderness, no distension.I
AAcute Viral Gastroenteritis with mild-to-moderate dehydrationD.D.: bacterial gastroenteritis
POral rehydration solution (ORS): 5-10cc every 5-10 mins; aim for 100cc within 30 mins.IIf vomiting occurs, wait 10 mins before resuming.IContinue milk intake without dilution.IF/U tomorrow to monitor dehydration status.IReturn immediately if: persistent vomiting, blood in stool, or lethargy/difficult to arouse.I
O精神狀態:外觀與態度:意識清楚(alert),對談合作(cooperative)。I言談:切題、有條理(coherent, relevant)。I情緒:自述情緒低落(depressed mood),「以前假日會去爬山,現在都不想出門,只想躺著」,且有時會「莫名其妙想哭」。T思考:思考流程連貫(goal-directed);思考內容以工作壓力與裁員擔憂為主,伴隨焦慮感。T自殺/自傷意念:有被動死亡意念「有時候會覺得活著好累」,但否認自殺計畫、工具與過去嘗試(passive death wish; denies plan, means or prior attempts)。T量表:PHQ-9 16 分;GAD-7 12 分。T
ADiagnosis: Major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate (F32.1)Comorbid: Generalized anxiety disorder (F41.1); Alcohol use (F10.20)Assessment: Patient presents with 2-month history of insomnia, depressed mood, anhedonia, weight loss, and significant anxiety regarding job security, with moderate severity on PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales; protective factor includes responsibility for children.IRisk assessment: Suicide risk: low — passive death wish「活著很累」, denies plan and means, has children as a protective factor. Homicide risk: low. Self-harm risk: low.I
O外觀與態度:外觀整潔,眼神接觸良好(good eye contact),對談合作(cooperative)。I言談:語速正常(normal rate),言談切題(coherent, relevant)。I情緒:自述情緒疲累(fatigued),「很累」。T情感:情感表達略受限但適切(restricted but appropriate affect)。T思考:思考流程流暢(goal-directed, fluent);無精神病症狀(no psychotic symptoms)。T病識感與判斷:病識感與判斷力良好(good insight and judgment)。I自殺/自傷意念:否認自殺或自傷意念(denies suicidal or self-harm ideation)。T
ADiagnosis: Primary insomnia (F51.01)D.D.: Adjustment disorder with depressed mood (F43.21)Assessment: Patient experiencing sleep onset and maintenance insomnia for approximately 2 months, coinciding with a recent job change and increased occupational stress; symptoms include racing thoughts and early morning awakening, with preserved appetite and social functioning, but experiencing feelings of worthlessness/anhedonia ("no meaning").IRisk assessment: Suicide risk: low — denies suicidal ideation, plan, or means. Homicide risk: low. Self-harm risk: low.I
ADiagnosis: Panic disorder (F41.0)Assessment: Patient presents with recurrent unexpected panic attacks characterized by palpitations, dyspnea, paresthesia, and derealization, accompanied by significant anticipatory anxiety and avoidance behaviors (avoiding MRT and crowded areas) for approximately two months. Symptoms are causing functional impairment in work and daily life.IRisk assessment: Suicide risk: low — denies suicidal ideation, expresses fear of death. Homicide risk: low. Self-harm risk: low.I
SL't shoulder pain for ~5moTdifficulty with overhead activities (e.g., dressing, fastening belt)Tnight pain with pressure on L't side, waking up 2-3x/nightTonset: gradual worsening/stiffnessTh/o diabetes mellitus, last HbA1c 17.1%T
SR't low back pain after lifting heavy boxes, for ~2wkTonset after lumbar flexion while liftingTradiate to R't posterior thighTnumbness(+) with prolonged standingTweakness(-)Tnumbness/weakness/bowel/bladder dysfunction(-)Tfever(-)Tnight pain(-)Timproved with lying downTpain worse during daytimeT
ALow back pain with R't sciaticaD.D.: Lumbar disc herniation, Lumbar spondylolisthesis
PAvoid heavy lifting and lumbar flexion; use squatting technique.ITherapeutic exercise — follow provided handout (2x/day).IMonitor for red flags: leg weakness, bowel/bladder incontinence.IF/U prn if red flags occur.I
SR't lateral elbow pain for ~2moTonset gradual, no traumaTexacerbated by repetitive screw driving/drilling during home renovationTpain radiates to R't lateral forearmTmorning stiffness(+), perceived weakness in grip due to painTnumbness(-), neck pain(-)Tpain improved with OTC analgesics, recurred upon discontinuationT
OR't lateral epicondyle: marked tendernessTno swelling, no erythemaTpain with resisted wrist extensionTpain with resisted middle finger extensionTCozen test(+).Tgrip strength: R't < L't.Telbow ROM: normal.Tmedial epicondyle: no tenderness.Tcervical ROM: normal.TSpurling test(-).Tsensory/neurological exam: normal.T
PPhysical modalities to R't elbow — US/electrical stimulation.ITherapeutic exercise — stretching and eccentric exercises.IPT prescribed 3x/week for 4 weeks.IOral anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDs) x 2 weeks.ITopical patches.IActivity modification: use wrist support during work.IF/U in 4 weeks; consider corticosteroid injection if refractory.I